August kampf



(No Model.)-

' A. KAMPP.

HYDRAULIC REUOIL-BRAKE FOR GUNS.

No. 500,008. Patented July 4, 1893.

NVENTEIR- .Flulsus'r KAMPF.

WH'NEESES- 006010 6621000 ihnrrnn some l stens. ethical AUGUST KAMPF, or nacnnsone, GERMANY, Assicnon'rornn cnosonwsni-t, or SAMEPLAOE.

HYDRAULEG REQGlh BiiAKE FOR GUN5.

SPECIFIGATIQN forming partof Letters 'Eatent No. 500,908, dated July-l, 18%3.

Application filed December 27, 1892 Serial ll'o. 156,373. (No model) I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, AUGUST KAMPF, of Magdeburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Recoil- Brakes for Guns, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a simplified construction of hydraulic recoil brakes for guns.

The kind or class of hydraulic brake to which this invention relates is that wherein the liquid is forced during the recoil, from one end of the brake cylinder to the other end, past a piston, through one or more channels the sectional area of which is or may be con tracted as the recoil progresses for the purpose of producing a constant resistance. In

the present brake the said channels are formed in the brake piston itself.

An important feature of the said invention relates to the manner or" and means for contracting the channel or channels as the recoil progresses, and also for adjusting initially the size of said channels.

In order that the invention maybe readily understood I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section through the brake cylinder, and Fig. 2 is a half transverse section drawn to a larger scale.

Like letters denote corresponding parts in both figures.

As shown in the drawings the brake coxnprises a cylinder A in which moves a piston provided with two piston rods B, C, which project through packed glands in opposite ends of the cylinder and are connected with the recoiling part of thegun-carriage,thccylinder being connected with the fixed part of the same. Or the cylinder may recoil and the piston be held stationary, as only the movement of the piston relatively to the cylinder is material. The piston consists of two parts E and F which are formed res ectively with male and female coned parts t at fit together and make a tight joint. The part F is formed with or secured to a tube 0 G which is loose upon the solid piston rod 0 so that this tube can be turned on the latter. The said part F is provided in its cy- Y lindrical periphery with longitudinal grooves a which when properly adjusted are opposite similar grooves b formed in the part. E. 5.5 A portion of the periphery of the part E is reduced in diameter to receive a ring H mount I ed loosely thereon, said ring being maintained in position by the part F of the piston. Longitudinal grooves c are formed in the ring H to correspond with the grooves ab in. the parts F E. On the said ring H are also formed or fixed one or more lugs d which protrude beyond the peripheryof the ring and are adapted teen gage with and move in corresponding 6:. grooves e formed in the wall of the cylinder. These grooves e have a certain amountv of twist, that is to say, they are spiral, having a verylongpitch solthat the disk caused. 9 during the recoil to turn slightly relatively 13070 the piston which does not turn. In this mam net the channels, which allow the passage of the liquid from one'side of the piston to the.

other, are gradually contracted as the recoil progresses and by the selection of the proper .7 5 form for the grooves c and the recesses a b c the sectional area of the orifice available for the passage of the liquid may for each posi- .1 tion of the piston in the cylinder be made to correspo'nd with the velocity of the gunatSo that part of the recoil, so that the resistance will be uniform. As however, when determining the sectional area of thechan nels; several factors cannot be taken into account with suficient accuracy, such for example as the coeificient of contraction of the liquid in the channels, and the frictional resistances in the brake itself and in the gun carriage it is desirable that the sectional areas be adjustable according to requirements, in order that the recoil. may he esgreatj as possible,

. but in no case greater than'the entire stroke of the piston. Such an a'djustability is obtained in the described arrangement in a simple inanner by adjusting the tube G, which for this 5 purpose is constructed at f of a form adapted to be engaged by a wrench whereby the tube can he turned. It in the initial position of the piston, that is to say, before the commencernent of the recoil, the recesses a are not exroo actly opposite the recesses h,but are put back a little in the opposite direction to that oi the turning movement of the disk H during .the recoil, the sectional area of the orifice is from the beginning somewhat smaller and the complete closing of the same takes place a little earlier so that the resistance is increased. By

turning the said tube G in one or the other,

- tively rotatable parts having longitudinal passages adapted to register, as and for the purpose explained.

2. A hydraulic brake for recoil guns consisting of a cylinder, and a piston formed of two relatively rotatable parts having channels adapted to register; said cylinder being provided with a groove or guidein which one of said parts engages, and which is inclined to the stroke for rotating said part, as and for the purpose explained.

3. In a hydraulic brake for gun carriages, the combination of a suitable cylinder, a trans ayersely divided piston, the parts of which are provided with grooves or channeisiadapted to register, and a ring also provided with grooves or channels fitting on one of the parts of said piston and adapted to be automatically rotated thereon for gradually closing the channels in the piston during the recoil of the gun, substantially as set forth.

4. In a hydraulic brake for guns, the combination of the cylinder, the piston, working in said cylinder, formed in two parts provided with grooves or channels adapted to register, and arranged for relative rotation, and the guide and lug on the cylinder and piston for causing such rotation, as and for the purpose explained.

5. In a hydraulic brake for guns, the combination of the cylinder formed with aninner cam-groove,a piston 'working in said cylinder formed in two' relatively rotatable parts pro- Vided with grooves or channels adapted to register, and a ring also provided with grooves or channels fitting on one of said parts, and having a lug fitting in the spiral cam groove, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

6. In a hydraulic brake for guns, the combination of the cylinder, and a piston working in said cylinder, formed in two relatively rotatable parts with longitudinal apertures adapted to register, and having. concentric stems projecting from the cylinder, one of said piston stems being adapted for connection for controlling the recoil of the gun, and the other having a wrench seat formed on it, substaniially as and for the purpose explained.

' AUGUST KAMPF. Witnesses:

I'IERMANN LUBoWsKI, EMIL -KALLNECKER. 

